VMware Workstation Tech Preview 2018 REST API

19/08/201819/08/2018 ~ Colin Westwater

This has been cross posted from my own blog vGemba.net. Go check it out.

Introduction

VMware recently announced the release of VMware Workstation Tech Preview 2018. This has a number of new features:

DirectX 10.1 support
REST API
Support for Windows 10 High DPI
Host level high DPI
The ESXi Host / cluster view when connecting to vCenter
USB Auto Connect functions for a virtual machine
Support for Wayland architecture for Linux hosts

The feature I am most interested in is the REST API. After listening to Craig Dalrymplepresent a session at the last Scottish VMUG called Making Your 1st Restful API call to VMware I wanted to try using an API. I had not tried it in my home lab or production at work as I didn’t want to screw anything up, so using Workstation is ideal.

Starting the REST API

The REST API needs to be started from the command line. The file you need to run is located in C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation. You can then vmrest.exe --help to see some basic help:

C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation>vmrest.exe --help VMware Workstation REST API Copyright (C) 2018 VMware Inc. All Rights Reserved  vmrest 1.1.0 build-8888902 Usage of vmrest.exe:   -c, --cert-path <cert-path>         REST API Server certificate path   -C, --config         Configure credential   -d, --debug         Enable debug logging   -h, --help         Print usage   -i, --ip <ip>         REST API Server IP binding (default 127.0.0.1)   -k, --key-path <key-path>         REST API Server private key path   -p, --port <port>         REST API Server port (default 8697)   -v, --version         Print version information

To start the REST API you simply type:

C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation>vmrest.exe VMware Workstation REST API Copyright (C) 2018 VMware Inc. All Rights Reserved  vmrest 1.1.0 build-8888902 - Using the VMware Workstation UI while API calls are in progress is not recommend ed and may yield unexpected or unintended results. - Serving HTTP on 127.0.0.1:8697 - Press Ctrl+C to stop.

You can see that there is a web based Swagger interface for browsing the API on http:\\127.0.0.1:8697:

Swagger Interface

Authentication

If you now try to do anything through the API it will not work as we are not authenticated. We need to configure some credentials. This is done using vmrest --config but remember if the API is running you will need to stop it by pressing CTRL+C:

C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation>vmrest --config VMware Workstation REST API Copyright (C) 2018 VMware Inc. All Rights Reserved  vmrest 1.1.0 build-8888902 Username:cwestwater New password: Retype new password: Processing... Credential updated successfully  C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation>

You simply enter a username and password for authentication to the API. Start the REST API again using vmrest.exe. Now in the web interface click the Authorize link in the top right, enter the username and password and then click the Authorize button:

Authorization

There does not seem to be any visual indication that you are logged in, the only way to check is to do something.

Swagger Interface

The Swagger interface is a great way to try the API. You don’t need to use things like Curl, PowerShell, Postman, etc. you can simply use the web interface to perform API operations. You can see that there are four main sections available with various operations available under them:

GET VMs

There are quite a few operations available in the API. Lets try out a few.

Simple GET Operation

A quick check to see if things are working right is to use the Swagger interface and try a GET operation. GET means reading something, no changes are made – safe!

Browse to VM Management...Show/Hide..GET /vms then click TRY IT OUT! The Response Body shows the two VM’s I have in Workstation:

GET VMs

So in the above screenshot you can see from the interface some useful information. We can see what the response should look like, the HTTP response codes (200 means we were successful), the Curl command, and what we actually want to see, the Response body:

[   {     "id": "3SFU5DH6CKR349853CVSG5T1E9TJCMEB",     "path": "C:\\Users\\a-cwestwater\\Documents\\Virtual Machines\\Linux-01\\Linux-01.vmx"   },   {     "id": "RG98SS5QSA90GAP42Q7M4IVAT1VOH2EV",     "path": "C:\\Users\\a-cwestwater\\Documents\\Virtual Machines\\Linux-02\\Linux-02.vmx"   } ]

Now we have a list of the VM’s and their IDs we can try something else. Let’s get some VM setting information for a particular VM. To do this use GET /vms/{id}. In the web interface expand VM Management...Show/Hide..GET /vms/{id}. Under the parameter section we need to use one of the ids from above, in this case I will use "id": "RG98SS5QSA90GAP42Q7M4IVAT1VOH2EV".

In the parameters section it is looking for parameter of id. Copy and paste the id of the VM into the field:

GET VM settings

One this id is entered click TRY IT OUT!. The Response Body section gives us the details of the VM:

Get VM settings

The VM has a single CPU with 64MB of RAM.

Simple PUT Operation

A PUT operation updates something. In this case we want to add a CPU and some memory to a VM. This is under VM Management...Show/Hide..PUT /vms/{id}. We again need to define some details in the Parameters section. The first is the id of the VM like we did above.

Next we need to add some definition of what the VM needs to be changed too. This is in the parameters text box. There is an example shown just to the right:

PUT VM settings

Again click the TRY IT NOW! button and we get the response:

PUT VM settings

The VM now has 2 CPUs and double the amount of RAM. We can check using the API again:

PUT VM settings

DELETE Operation

Finally I want to delete the VM as I am done with it. This is found under VM Management...Show/Hide..DELETE /vms/{id}. There is a warning with DELETE operations. Unlike the GUI there is no confirmation or check you actually want to delete, it just does it. So be aware!

DELETE VM settings

Again we need to define the id of the VM we want to delete then click TRY IT OUT!. This time we get a Response Body and Response Code of:

DELETE VM settings

Not the usual response we have seen above. Usually we get a Response Code of 200, but this time it’s 204. That is 204? Scroll up in the web interface and you see:

DELETE VM settings

So 204 is the VM was deleted. We can confirm using GET /vms:

DELETE VM settings

The VM with the id of RG98SS5QSA90GAP42Q7M4IVAT1VOH2EV is gone.

Wrap Up

When I started with this blog post I had never used an API before, but within an hour I was using the Swagger interface to interface with VMware Workstation. 30 minutes later I was using Postman to do the same. I think using the ‘safety’ of Workstation to get used to the VMware API is a great way of learning how to using the API.

I plan to investigate further as I use Workstation as my lab, so being able to automate operations using the API could help me a great deal. I expect further development of the API as the Tech Preview progresses.

VMware {code}

30/10/201731/10/2017 ~ Craig Dalrymple

As relative new comer to the world of coding and in an attempt to rectify this situation I started looking about for good, reliable sources for all things Powercli/API related to VMware. My 1st thoughts were to try the usual suspects like blog posts from Alan Renouf, William Lam and Chris Whal.

During my numerous searches I discovered that If you’re looking for an API, powercli example or guidance for design standards etc then https://code.vmware.com should definitely be your 1st place of call.

code.vmware.com

The VMware {code} website is a one stop shop for all things code related. From API information, to Powercli snippets and even guidelines on UX design standards , it really has something for everyone.

Continue reading →

Terraform with vSphere – Part 4

27/10/201731/10/2017 ~ Colin Westwater

This has been cross posted from my own blog vGemba.net. Go check it out!

Wrap up

We have barely scratched the surface with Terraform. It is a very powerful piece of software that can do much more than building a single VM from a template. I do find the documentation around the vSphere provider to be lacking and there is not much out there on the internet on using it with vSphere, so it’s been a lot of experimentation for me but very enjoyable.

I first started playing with Terraform after watching Nick Colyer’s excellent Pluralsight course Automating AWS and vSphere with Terraform. It gives good demo driven examples similar to what I have shown in this series but goes further by delving into Modules, local provisoners, remote provisioners, etc. If you have Pluralsight access go check it out.

I also found this series of posts from Gruntwork to be excellent. The posts have actually been converted into a book called Terraform: Up & Running so you should go check it out.

Finally I also found these posts to be helpful:

Don’t forget the official documentation on Terraform.io – sometimes you just have to RTFM.

As you have found Terraform is easy to pick up and you can see results very quickly. It’s given me the bug to dig deeper and see what I can apply at work.

Good luck in your Terraform journey!

Terraform with vSphere – Part 3

27/10/201731/10/2017 ~ Colin Westwater

This has been cross posted from my own blog vGemba.net. Go check it out!

Introduction

In Part 1 and Part 2 we downloaded, setup, and then created a simple VM using Terraform. Let’s look how to use variables and the files required for this.

Existing Code

Let’s look at the code from Part 2:

provider "vsphere" {
    user = "username@corp.contoso.com" # You need to use this format, not example\username
    password = "Password1"
    vsphere_server = "vcenter.corp.contoso.com"

    # If you use self-signed certificates
    allow_unverified_ssl = true
}

resource "vsphere_virtual_machine" "webserver" {
    name = "webserver1"
    vcpu = 1
    memory = 2048

network_interface {
    label = "VM Network"
}

disk {
   datastore = "datastore"
   template = "MicroCore-Linux"
}

}

Continue reading →

Terraform with vSphere – Part 2

08/10/201731/10/2017 ~ Colin Westwater

This has been cross posted from my own blog vGemba.net. Go check it out!

Introduction

In Part 1 of this series we went about installing Terraform, verifying it was working and setting up Visual Studio Code. In this part we will cover some Terraform basics.

Terraform Components

The three Terraform Constructs we are going to look at are:

Providers
Resources
Provisioners

Providers

Providers are the resources or infrastructure we can interact with in Terraform. These can include AWS, Azure, vSphere, DNS, etc. A full list is available on the Terraform website. As you can see it’s a very big list. In this series we will concentrate on the VMware vSphere Provider.

Resources

Resources are the things we are going to use in the provider. In the vSphere realm this can be a Virtual Machine, Networking, Storage, etc.

Provisioners

Terraform uses Provisioners to talk to the back end infrastructure or services like vSphere to create your Resources. They essentially are used to execute scripts to create or destroy resources.

Setup Terraform for vSphere

Open up Visual Studio Code and create a new file called main.tfin the folder C:\Terraform. If you have added C:\Terraform to your Path environment variable save main.tf anywhere you like, but of course the best place for all of your Terrform files is source control…

Continue reading →

Terraform with vSphere – Part 1

01/10/201731/10/2017 ~ Colin Westwater

This has been cross posted from my own blog vGemba.net. Go check it out!

Introduction

Terraform is one of the new products that let you treat infrastructure as Code. What does Infrastructure as Code actually mean?

According to Wikipedia:

Infrastructure as code (IaC) is the process of managing and provisioning computer data centers through machine-readable definition files, rather than physical hardware configuration or interactive configuration tools.

In the case of Terraform this means using code to *declare* what we want from vSphere, AWS, Azure, OpenStack etc. and then Terraform goes and creates the infrastructure to our declared final state. This is the opposite to Procedural Infrastructure where we have to describe *how* to get our end result. Terraform does the hard work in figuring out how to create the infrastructure we have defined – we don’t have to worry how to actually create it or the sequence of steps to get there.

Continue reading →